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Diabetes - Symptoms, Causes, Precaution, Methods and more

  DIABETIES :- Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease. which is characterised by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. Diabetic Mellitus SYMPTOMS :- 3P :-  Polyuria (frequent urine)   Polyphagia ( very hungry)  polydipsia ( very thirsty) feeling tired blurry vision weight loss  delay wound healing HYPERGLYCEMIA High blood sugar/ high sugar level in blood. HYPOGLYCEMIA   Low blood sugar with a glucose value of usually less than 70mg/dl CAUSES To high dose of medication ( Insulin/ antidiabetic medication ) Delayed Meals Exercise Alcohol SYMPTOMS Shakiness Anxiety Sweating Irritability or Confusion Fast heart beat Dizziness Hunger and nausea Headaches Weakness Seizure/Unconsciousness TREATMENT Consume simple carbohydrates like half cup sweetened juice, 3 tablespoons of sugar, honey, chocolates or hard candy. Recheck your blood glucose after 15 minutes. If hyperglycemia continues, repeat the glucose supplements. Once...

Atrial Fibrillation/Atrial Flutter

 

  • Atrial Fibrillation 
  • Atrial Flutter

Atrial Fibrillation (Afib)

Afib stands for atrial Fibrillation (AF)

Atrial Fibrillation is a type of arrhythmia or abnormal heart beat and is a major cause of stroke. 

Atrial Fibrillation is an irregularly irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm that begins in heart upper chambers (Atria).

in which the upper chambers of the heart (atria) beat out of coordination with the lower chambers of the heart (ventricle).

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION FINDINGS ON ECG


Findings

  • Irregularly irregular QRS Complex
  • P wave absent/no visible P wave present
  • Heart beat range (100bpm - 160bpm)

Types of Atrial Fibrillation

There are three main types of atrial fibrillation....

  • Paroxysmal atrial Fibrillation
  • Persistent atrial fibrillation
  • Long standing persistent atrial fibrillation

Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
It's episodes occurs less than one week and usually stops on its own without treatment.

Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
It's episodes occurs more than one week and needs treatment.

Long Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
It's episodes occurs more than a year and it's difficult to treat.


Symptoms Of Atrial Fibrillation

  • A feeling of butterflies or a fish flopping in your chest
  • Chest pain
  • Dizziness
  • Extreme fatigue
  • Shortness of breath
  • Heart palpitation
  • Weakness
  • Trouble exercise


Atrial Flutter

Atrial flutter is similar to atrial fibrillation (Afib), a common disorder that cause the heart to beat in irregular pattern.

Atrial flutter is a condition in which the heart upper chambers (atria) beat too quickly.

Rapid contraction of the upper chambers of the heart may spread to the lower chambers of the heart resulting in a rapid heartbeat.

Atrial Flutter
ATRIAL FLUTTER FINDINGS ON ECG




Findings

  • Flutter waves present (saw-tooth pattern)
  • P wave are absent
  • Narrow QRS Complex
  • Rhythm can be regular or irregular
  • Heart rate (250bpm - 400bpm)

Types Of Atrial Flutter

  • Paroxysmal Atrial Flutter
  • Persistent Atrial Flutter

Paroxysmal Atrial Flutter
It can come and go. An episode of Atrial Flutter usually lasts hours or days.

Persistent Atrial Flutter
It's episodes occurs more or less permanent.



Symptoms Of Atrial Flutter

  • Heart palpitation
  • Anxiety
  • Confusion
  • Tiredness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Trouble exercise
  • Fatigue


Difference between Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation

Difference between Atrial Flutter and Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Flutter/Atrial fibrillation


















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