SaxenaMedicalTech

HEART CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OR  BLOOD VASCULAR SYSTEM The study of blood vascular system or circulatory system is called angiology    The vascular system is made up of the vessels that carry blood and lymph fluid through the body. It's also called the circulatory system. The arteries and veins carry blood all over the body. They send oxygen and nutrients to the body tissues.   BLOOD VESSELS 1  Arteries  2  Veins 3  Capillaries Differentiate between arteries and vein  CAPILLARIES They have only one layer i.e. simple squamous endothelium layer.  ANATOMY OF HEART Heart  is a coned shaped hollow structure equal to the size of puzzle fit. It is a mesodermally derived organ, is situated in the thoracic cavity, in between the two lungs (mediastinum), slightly tilled to the left. The heart weight between 200 to 425g.  The lower portion is apex and upper portion is base. Wall of heart  1.  Pericardium 2.  Myocardium 3....

  ECG INTERPRETATION BASIC  An ECG complex represents the electrical events occurring in one cardiac cycle. A complex consists of five waveforms labelled with the letters P, Q, R, S, and T. The middle three letters —Q, R, and S—are referred to as a unit, the QRS complex. ECG tracings represent the conduction of electrical impulses from the atria to the ventricles.    P WAVE  Small, Positive and smooth wave. Always +ve in lead II during sinus rhythm. P wave is virtually always +ve in leads aVL, aVF, I, V4, V5, and V6 and -ve in aVR lead. Frequently biphasic in V1 ( occasionally in V2)  the -ve deflection is normally <1mm. P wave duration should be < 0.12 sec. P wave amplitude should be <2.5 mm. Pathological P wave  Tall Tented  :-  Right Atrial Enlargement Bifid (looks like an M) :- Left Atrial Enlargement  PR INTERVAL Normal PR Interval :-  3-5 small squares                  ...

 CANCER  Cancer is also known as Tumor, and study of cancer is called oncology . Definition  Cancer means uncontrol and abnormal division of cells. They are very rapidly proliferate without any differentiation and apoptosis process. (Abnormal proliferative cell is called Neoplastic cell ) Or The uncontrolled growth of cell by its multiplication is known as Cancer. Types of cancer  There are two types of Tumor :- 1. Benign Tumor  2. Malignant Tumor Benign Tumor  Benign Tumor is also called mass of cell. It cannot spread from one location to other location. That means it is not show metastasis. This is a localised tumor. That means it is present only one location not spread to other location. Benign Tumor (Cancer) This type of tumor can remove from the body because it is located only on surface of organ. Example of Benign Tumor :-  Lipoma Myloma  Malignant Tumor  Malignant Tumor is very dangerous tumor because it can spread or can transfer from...

  What is electrocardiography (ECG) Electrocardiography is a medical test in which diagnose cardiac disorder i.e. MI (myocardial infarction) etc. by measuring the electrical activity of the heart via electrodes placed on the limbs and chest wall and are transcribed on to graph paper to produce an electrocardiogram and also known as ECG/EKG.                                     OR     Electrocardiogram   Electro means electrical activity   Cardio means heart   Gram means graphical representation   An electrocardiogram is a graphically representation of an electrical activity of the heart and used in the investigation of heart disease.   The device is used is known as electrocardiograph.   NOTE -- The term electrocardiogram was introduced by Willem Einthoven ...

  Atrial Fibrillation  Atrial Flutter Atrial Fibrillation   (Afib) Afib stands for atrial Fibrillation (AF) Atrial Fibrillation is a type of arrhythmia or abnormal heart beat and is a major cause of stroke.  Atrial Fibrillation is an irregularly irregular and often very rapid heart rhythm that begins in heart upper chambers (Atria). in which the upper chambers of the heart (atria) beat out of coordination with the lower chambers of the heart (ventricle). ATRIAL FIBRILLATION FINDINGS ON ECG Findings Irregularly irregular QRS Complex P wave absent / no visible P wave present Heart beat range (100bpm - 160bpm) Types of Atrial Fibrillation There are three main types of atrial fibrillation.... Paroxysmal atrial Fibrillation Persistent atrial fibrillation Long standing persistent atrial fibrillation Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation It's episodes occurs less than one week and usually stops on its own without treatment. Persistent Atrial Fibrillation It's episodes occurs more ...